Some of the information you are requesting might be available through plugins.
https://dev.deluge-torrent.org/wiki/Plugins

I don't use these ones myself, but I would check things like Ratio, Stats and Total Traffic to see what options they give you.

Deluge uses a queue system. It downloads torrents in the order they are added to the download queue. You can manually move torrents up and down, but they default to the order in which you added them. What you probably want to try is check under Preferences -> Queue for a checkbox for "Do not co...

Find more seeds?

It could be a permissions issue. On my linux system if I try to download a torrent to a folder that doesn't have write permissions for the deluge user it will start the download and then stall when it tries to write any data.

You could try the LtConfig plugin and enable the options "announce_to_all_tiers" and "announce_to_all_trackers". Those are the default settings for clients like uTorrent, but they are not enabled with deluge because they do not follow the bit torrent specs correctly. It will forc...

The colors are based on the GTK theme of the client computer.

Glad it is working. Yes, you can click on the torrent and then the files tab then click on the file or folder that has the odd characters to rename them before forcing a recheck. F2 is the rename key.

CIFS is basically SMB.

You should see some movement on the progress bar during a recheck. If it stays at 0% it isn't recognizing the data. Another test would be watch the HDD LED on your computer. A recheck is heavy on disk usage and should be a pretty much a steady on LED. Be sure you have read/write permissions on the s...

If you are changing via the preferences pages restart deluge. If you are changing via the config file make sure deluge is shut down before editing it.